All of us know that diamonds are formed naturally and it has some specific process of formations. To get the information about the scientific formations you should check this out. It is known that the formation of a single piece of diamond is a concentrated and specific process. Diamonds are formed from the carbon particles under the earth’s surface, just above the upper mantle regions where we can’t reach out. It takes millions of years to form a diamond crystal in this region. It is measured that the upper boundaries of the mantle region are having almost 200 degrees centigrade (392°F) temperature. At the core region of the mantle, it is measured more than 4000°C (7,230 °F). The outer boundaries on the mantle region are having the pressure which is measured 24 Gigapascals (237,000 times atmospheric pressure) and at the core regions it increased up to 136 Gigapascals (almost 1.3 million times atmospheric pressure). The mantle region is having three parts- one is called the Earth’s dense (filled with bulk solids), the other is known as a heated-core region and the outer layer is coated with a thin layer, called, Earth’s Crust.
Scientists have found that these precious diamond stones are formed on the upper mantle regions of the earth, after which humans can’t reach. It is suspected that these diamonds are formed in the fits and spurts over a period of hundreds of millions of years or else they may be formed in a week’s time with the extreme pressure and heat as we described above. With the earth’s own motion and seismic movements of plates, it comes to the earth’s surface through volcanic pipes, such as – Kimberlite and Lamproite pipes. This is why these are rare and limited commodities.
How these stones are became white or colored? It is a crucial question to the scientist also. The main components of a diamond are carbon, in case of the colorless diamond stones. But there are some other elements that are playing some chemical or physical reactions to the carbon particles that make these white stones colorful. The natural colorless diamonds are always with only carbon elements, there is no mixture to it. But, it is seen that when it comes close to the nitrogen element, the color will become yellow. Or in case if there is a presence of boron exchange with the carbon, the stone color will be blue. That means while the color diamonds are found, there must be some other elemental reactions or electron exchanges between two or more elements. There are other factors that are also coming into play.
The diamonds are not found exactly crystal as they look like in the market. There may be some blemishes or inclusions into it. When the flaws are in the stones, called blemishes and on the exterior surface are known as inclusions. These inclusions are also enhancing the colors of the fancy colored diamonds while these inclusions are considered as undesirable to the colorless diamonds. There are environmental factors that are also exercising their effects on obtaining the intensity of the colors. Say, for example, more heat and pressure may intensify the color of the diamonds, as we are getting light pink or intense pink diamonds from the Argyle’s mines.